Temperatures in Europe, Middle East & Oceania in Autumn

Autumn has arrived, one of the most pleasant seasons for travelers, when not only temperatures drop, but also prices for business class tickets and flights. But let's get back to the temperatures! If you are planning a trip in the fall, you should know what to pack. Should you just take one sweater, or will you need to dress warmly? This article will give you an overview of the temperatures in Europe, the Middle East, and Oceania during September, October, and November.

Europe

Temperatures in Europe during autumn vary by region, month, and local climate. Here are typical temperature ranges across different parts of Europe from September to November:

• Northern Europe (Scandinavia, Iceland, Baltic States):
  • September: 10°C – 15°C
  • October: 5°C – 10°C
  • November: 0°C – 5°C
    Autumn in these regions is quite cool, with the possibility of early snow by late November as temperatures quickly drop.
• Central Europe (Germany, Czech Republic, Austria, Poland):
  • September: 15°C – 20°C
  • October: 10°C – 15°C
  • November: 0°C – 10°C
    Autumn usually starts with mild temperatures, but it can get significantly colder by November, with frequent rain and fog.
• Western Europe (France, UK, Netherlands, Belgium):
  • September: 15°C – 20°C
  • October: 10°C – 15°C
  • November: 5°C – 10°C
    The weather here is moderate, though rain becomes more frequent. Temperatures drop gradually and become cool by November.
• Eastern Europe (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus):
  • September: 15°C – 20°C
  • October: 5°C – 15°C
  • November: 0°C – 5°C
    Autumn is cooler here, with nighttime temperatures sometimes dropping to zero by October. By November, the cold season begins, with chances of snow.
• Southern Europe (Spain, Italy, Greece, Portugal, Balkans):
  • September: 20°C – 25°C
  • October: 15°C – 20°C
  • November: 10°C – 15°C
    Southern Europe enjoys a warmer climate in autumn. September and October can still be quite warm, but temperatures gradually drop by November.

Middle East

When autumn arrives in the USA (September-November), Middle Eastern countries also transition from a hot summer to a more comfortable autumn. However, temperatures depend on the specific country and location (coastal, desert, or mountain areas). Here are general temperature ranges for key Middle Eastern countries during autumn:

• UAE (Dubai, Abu Dhabi):
  • September: 28°C – 39°C
  • October: 24°C – 35°C
  • November: 20°C – 30°C
    The heat lingers in September, but from October, temperatures become more moderate. November is one of the best times to visit with mild weather.
• Saudi Arabia (Riyadh, Jeddah):
  • September: 25°C – 40°C
  • October: 21°C – 36°C
  • November: 17°C – 30°C
    In desert regions like Riyadh, temperatures drop, especially at night, but it remains quite hot. Coastal areas like Jeddah are more moderate due to proximity to the sea.
• Qatar (Doha):
  • September: 28°C – 39°C
  • October: 24°C – 36°C
  • November: 20°C – 29°C
    Temperatures cool down in autumn, especially by November. October and November are considered comfortable months for visiting.
• Oman (Muscat):
  • September: 27°C – 35°C
  • October: 25°C – 33°C
  • November: 22°C – 30°C
    Autumn brings comfortable temperatures to Oman, especially in November. Mountain and desert regions may see cooler nights than coastal cities.
• Iran (Tehran, Isfahan, Shiraz):
  • September: 20°C – 32°C
  • October: 15°C – 26°C
  • November: 10°C – 20°C
    Autumn brings cooler temperatures, particularly in northern and mountainous areas. Desert regions and the south (Isfahan, Shiraz) remain warm, though without extreme heat.
• Israel (Tel Aviv, Jerusalem):
  • September: 22°C – 32°C
  • October: 18°C – 28°C
  • November: 14°C – 24°C
    Coastal areas like Tel Aviv experience comfortable temperatures in autumn, especially from October. Mountainous areas like Jerusalem can be cooler, especially at night.
• Jordan (Amman, Petra):
  • September: 20°C – 32°C
  • October: 15°C – 27°C
  • November: 10°C – 22°C
    Autumn is an ideal time to visit places like Petra and Wadi Rum. Daytime temperatures are pleasant, but it can be cool at night, especially in desert areas.
• Lebanon (Beirut):
  • September: 22°C – 30°C
  • October: 18°C – 27°C
  • November: 14°C – 22°C Autumn brings mild temperatures, particularly along the coast. In mountainous regions (Lebanese Mountains), it can be significantly cooler.

Oceania

When it’s autumn in the USA (September-November), Oceania (including Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, and other island nations) is experiencing spring and the beginning of summer. The weather in these regions remains warm throughout the year due to their tropical and subtropical climate. Here are typical temperature ranges for countries in Oceania during this period:

• Australia
  • Northern Australia (Darwin, Cairns):
    • September: 25°C – 35°C
    • October: 25°C – 35°C
    • November: 26°C – 36°C
      Northern Australia remains hot in spring, particularly towards November. This is the dry season.
  • Southern Australia (Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth):
    • September: 15°C – 22°C
    • October: 16°C – 24°C
    • November: 18°C – 26°C
      Southern regions are cooler in spring, but temperatures gradually rise, making it a comfortable time to travel. September can be a bit cool, but October and November offer pleasant, warm weather.
  • Central Australia (Alice Springs):
    • September: 15°C – 30°C
    • October: 18°C – 33°C
    • November: 20°C – 36°C Central regions, such as the desert, are warm and dry. Temperatures rise as summer approaches.
• New Zealand
  • North Island (Auckland, Wellington):
    • September: 12°C – 18°C
    • October: 14°C – 20°C
    • November: 15°C – 22°C
      Spring in the North Island is mild, with moderate temperatures. By November, it becomes warmer, and nature begins to bloom.
  • South Island (Queenstown, Christchurch):
    • September: 7°C – 17°C
    • October: 9°C – 19°C
    • November: 11°C – 21°C
      The South Island is cooler, especially in mountainous areas, but temperatures gradually rise as summer approaches. Nights can still be cool even in November.
• Fiji:
  • September: 23°C – 29°C
  • October: 24°C – 30°C
  • November: 25°C – 31°C
    Spring in Fiji is warm, with comfortable temperatures. November marks the beginning of the rainy season, but showers are usually brief.
• Samoa:
  • September: 23°C – 30°C
  • October: 24°C – 31°C
  • November: 24°C – 31°C
    The weather in Samoa remains stable throughout the year. November sees the transition to the wetter season with increased rainfall.
• Tonga:
  • September: 21°C – 28°C
  • October: 22°C – 29°C
  • November: 23°C – 30°C
    Spring brings pleasant temperatures to Tonga, with occasional rain. By November, the weather becomes slightly warmer and more humid.
• Vanuatu:
  • September: 21°C – 28°C
  • October: 22°C – 29°C
  • November: 23°C – 30°C
    This period in Vanuatu is warm with mild temperatures. November heralds the onset of the wet season with more frequent rains.
• Papua New Guinea:
  • September: 22°C – 30°C
  • October: 23°C – 31°C
  • November: 24°C – 32°C
    Mountainous areas of Papua New Guinea are cooler, while coastal areas and lowlands remain warm and humid. November brings more rainfall.
• French Polynesia (Tahiti):
  • September: 24°C – 29°C
  • October: 25°C – 30°C
  • November: 25°C – 31°C
    Spring is a comfortable time in Tahiti, with mild tropical temperatures and minimal rain. November marks the start of the wetter period.

General trends:

• Europe: Temperatures vary widely by region, with Northern and Eastern Europe experiencing cooler weather, while Southern Europe remains warm.
• Middle East: High temperatures persist in September but cool off by November, making autumn a great time to visit.
• Oceania: Spring transitions into summer, with warm and stable temperatures across the region, making it ideal for beach vacations and water sports.

Where did you choose to go this fall?